coronary heart disease has 4 factors; atherosclerosis, angina, artereosclerosis, and a heart attack/cardiac arrest, which all have different characteristics. an active healthy lifestyle can help to prevent these in a variety of ways. through good diet and regular physical activity as well as leading to a stress free life.
atherosclerosis is where the lumen of a coronary artery narrows due to a deposit of cholesterol/blood lipids/triglycerides. this means that more blood pressure is required to maintain blood flow. it can result in restricted blood flow to the heart and even blood clots. It can also result in hypertension which is where blood pressure values rise to 200/120 mm Hg which causes added strain to the heart. a healthy active lifestyle can prevent this by having a balanced diet; with reduced fats and carbohydrates, and increased proteins, vitamins, minerals and fibres.
angina can occur as a result of atherosclerosis. it is where there is a restricted blood flow to the heart and certain areas of the heart muscle wall are deprived of blood. this can cause severe chest pain at any time however it is most noticeable during exercise when heart rate is increased. an active healthy lifestyle can help prevent coronary heart disease and angina. by participating in the daily guidelined exercise times (30 mins 5 times a week). the heart muscle walls will hypertrophy (increase in size) and will have a better capacity to cope with high blood pressure.
a heart attack/cardiac arrest is where the heart is starved of oxygen due to a restricted blood flow. Angina can sometimes be a sign of a heart attack occurring in the near future.a heart attack can also be a result of atherosclerosis and artereosclerosis (where arterial walls restrict blood flow due to hardening). it is an intense chest pain an can have effects such as; long term heart tissue damage and even death. a healthy balanced diet, regular participation in physical activity and leading to a stress free life. when stressed blood pressure rises which can enhance the effects of angina, artereosclerosis, atherosclerosis, which are ultimately the main causes of a cardiac arrest/a heart attack.
conclusively CHD has a range of characteristics which range in effects on the heart. however a balanced active and healthy lifestyle can help to prevent these effects with a stres free life, regular physical activity, and a healthy balanced diet.
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